Nestled in the heart of England, Retford boasts a rich historical legacy dating back to the mediaeval period. The first documented mention of the town appears in the Domesday Survey of 1086, marking the beginning of its recorded history. In 1105, King Henry I officially established the borough of East Retford, a significant milestone that would shape the town’s future.
The town’s importance was further solidified in 1246 when King Henry III granted a Royal Charter, permitting a weekly Thursday market. This charter was expanded by Edward I in 1275 to include a Saturday market. Today, these market traditions continue, with markets now held on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, preserving the town’s long-standing commercial heritage.
Origins and Name
The History of Retford‘s name remains somewhat mysterious, though local speculation provides an intriguing explanation. The name is believed to originate from an ancient ford crossing the River Idle. Initially called Redforde, the name likely stems from the red clay riverbed that would become discoloured as people and livestock frequently crossed the river, tingeing the water with a reddish hue.
Early Settlement and Development
The town’s first settlers strategically chose the western side of the ford due to its reduced flood risk. As the community grew, settlement expanded to the eastern bank, which eventually became the more prominent area. This expansion led to the official name East Retford.
Historical Challenges and Prosperity
In 1528, Retford suffered a devastating fire that largely destroyed the town. However, the community demonstrated remarkable resilience. The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries brought significant developments that would transform Retford’s fortunes. The arrival of the Great North Road in 1766, the Chesterfield Canal in 1777, and the railways in 1849 ushered in an era of economic growth and connectivity.
The town’s architectural heritage from this prosperous period remains visible today. Elegant Georgian and Victorian frontages, along with numerous historic coaching inns, still grace the streets of Retford, offering a glimpse into its rich past.
Modern Retford
In 1974, Retford transitioned from a municipal borough to become part of the Bassetlaw district. As of mid-2012, the town’s population was estimated at 22,411. The civic traditions are carefully maintained by Charter Trustees, with Charter Day celebrated annually on the May Day Bank Holiday.
Markets and Shopping
Retford continues to be a vibrant commercial centre. The third Saturday of each month hosts a popular farmers’ market showcasing local produce. Antique enthusiasts can explore the Friday bric-à-brac market, while an annual continental market draws visitors from far and wide. The town offers a diverse shopping experience, combining traditional high street stores with unique independent shops.
This blend of historical significance and modern vitality makes Retford a fascinating town that honours its past while embracing the present.